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Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiography ( PTC )

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 Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiography ( PTC ) PTC is an x-ray procedure that involves direct-inject of contrast medium in the bile duct. These are the ducts that carry bile from the liver to the gallbladder and small intestine In this procedure, a thin needle is directly inserted through the skin into the liver to reach the bile duct. Indications Contraindication Equipment Patient Preparation Procedure Aftercare Complication                 Indications ERCP procedure is failed  Strictures in the bile duct Suspected bile duct obstruction Billary system delineation in the presence of intra and extrahepatic biliary calculi Cause of Jaundice Suspected tumor Anatomic evaluation of complications of ERCP                     Contraindications Suspected pregnancy Allergic to contrast medium Bleeding tendency Gross Ascites - Fluid in the abdominal cavity Sever infection at the puncture si...
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Barium swallow

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 Barium swallow what is barium swallow is a dedicated test of the pharynx esophagus and proximal stomach and may be performed as a single or double contrast study the study is often modified to suit the history and symptoms of the individual patient but it is often useful to evaluate the entire pathway from the lips to the gastric fundus Preparation one preparation needed for the study is overnight fasting to avoiding smoking or chewing gum.  Indications one dysphagia swallow difficulty to paint during swallowing three assessment of mediastinal muscles for assessment of left atrial enlargement five pre-op assessment of carcinoma bronchus and esophagus 6 motility disorders or visa figures indications seven assessment of the site of perforation eight zanko's diverticulum and cricoid webs in these cases water-soluble contrast media are used example Castro Griffin or Diana slack works nine obstructions ten gastro a show Sejal reflux disease CRB. Indications eleven assessment of a ...
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Aorta ultrasound

 Aorta ultrasound  Begin by reviewing  the anatomy of the aorta we'll then move  on to learn how to perform the  ultrasound examination of the abdominal  aorta all the way from the top at the  subxiphoid process as the aorta excite  the thoracic cavity to bifurcation at  the level of the umbilicus.   Learn how to understand  the interpretation of the ultrasound  images that you will obtain using   bedside sonography   The positions of the probe for sonography of  the aorta generally we'll begin by  placing the probe in a short axis  configuration begin by placing the probe  in probe position 1 in the epigastric  region to visualize the aorta as it  enters the abdominal cavity and exits  through the thoracic cavity via the  diaphragm the probe should be configured  with the marker dot over towards the  patient's right side press down to  firmly displ...
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